Monday, May 5, 2014

NES Dual Port RAM Interface

UPDATE : Thanks for the great response - I'll be posting more videos throughout the week @batslyadams - I'd love to hear your ideas for ways to enhance games! Looking to livestream some development / testing this Thursday, 5/6/14.


I've been writing a game recently and was looking for a way to live debug on real hardware. The original solution was to fire variable information out the second controller port to serial every NMI but I decided to to take a shot at a new PCB for the console I've been dreaming about for a while.


The board routes the left port of the dual port RAM (Cypress CY7C136) to the DIP footprint on the NES and the right port to an AVR (ATMEGA164), this allows me to read and write any location at runtime without bus conflicts. Control is provided through the UART and two additional pins are soldered directly to the 2A03 to control /NMI and /RESET. I took a console and desoldered the 2KB RAM and replaced it with a socket. I'd like to permanently solder this in now that they work but having them removable for debugging was a huge help. AVR control code was written mainly in C with some assembly sprinkled across for the memory control portions.

The AVR sits and wait for serial commands and can perform several functions including :
* Read / write of any memory location
* Quick dump of an entire 256-byte page
* Freezing of memory addresses (rewriting a single value constantly in the busy loop)
* Single frame stepping by controlling the NMI
* Remote reset of console
* Applying auto increment to tables to a single variable (fun for sine waves on x/y positions!)

I had pretty great results with using 250000 baud with the Genesis flasher project which is plenty fast for what I'm trying to do here. Cautionary tale about using this dual port RAM part, be sure to operate the other side normally even though it appears to be decoupled. As far as I can tell from the datasheet leaving CE low shouldn't have an effect on the opposite port but it most certainly does. Next revision could definitely use a few pullups on the AVR side, other than that I'm pretty happy with the layout.

Before wiring up the additional control lines :



Pretty excited to finally use this guy - your usual USB FTDI cable except with a 3.5mm jack. Routed the UART to a standard panel mount TRS on the back of the console.

It has been a blast playing with this thing - stuff I've done so far :

Debug Information
The original intention of this was be able to manipulate values in real time on a console for a game I've been developing, FCEUX is pretty incredible for emulation but I try to do a lot of testing on real hardware.





Scoreboards
Blades of Steel used to be my favorite, but I'm starting to come around on Ice Hockey. Heavily using the read function to pull any relevant data from a game then deciding what to do with it.
Would probably be great for automatic splits for speedruns.



Relay Control
Contra has a particular way of allocating shots, there are five slots for one player that a bullet can accommodate. I didn't want to cheap out and just trigger on a button press so all five values are pulled and checked for a new rising edge.



Hex editor
Wrote a live hex editor inspired by FCEUX, lots of fun goofing with variables on the fly. Great fun to have a "co-pilot" looking for ways to help you cheat, like a manual game genie.




Single Frame Step
The /NMI pin is the 60hz interrupt generated from the PPU, this is one of the trickiest parts of the NES since this is the only safe window in which to make writes to VRAM. Due to the limited video bandwidth, the game is typically laid out the following way :

Busy loop / Wait for NMI
Falling edge of NMI / Perform VRAM updates then set flag that NMI has occured
Return from NMI / Perform logic updates / queue VRAM updates
(repeat)

On a "step" command sent from the host the AVR waits until the natural falling edge /NMI then asserts low until it receives the command for another step. This safely inhibits the interrupt and keeps everything in sync. Could also set up a frame level breakpoint here!


 


Enhanced Rules / Displays
Every game needs a place to store the controller reads after a $4016/$4017 fetch. Typically these routines will still run in a pause menu (so you'll know when to exit). The idea is that the host can read that we are in a pause state AND the controller data you can control a menu offscreen.

Remote Reset
I provided two pins for the NMI and RESET on the console, these are jumpered from the 2A03 directly to GPIO on the AVR. Both of these inputs to the CPU are open drain.

The /RESET pin allows you to command a console reset the host so you wouldn't have to fuss with the console. You can provide an argument for a short reset (10ms) to jump to reset vector within the game and a long reset (~1s) which will bring you back to the powerpak menu.



Glitch Roulette
This was a lot of fun. The idea that every time the player jumps (memory location / method of determining jumping will vary from game to game) the host will write a random value to a random location. The sound engine is usually the first to go since they typically require a good amount of RAM and are overwriting is fairly harmless. A hit on an indirect memory address/stack is usually catastrophic.

Biggest ups to Todd Bailey for the help with assembling these things and Adam Stankiewicz and Nick Gargiulo for tirelessly testing blades of steel.

482 comments:

  1. It's amazing, you can now write a kinect based game for nes ;)

    ReplyDelete
  2. I've been wanting to do this for a pinball scoreboard, using the same dual port ram chip. Do you happen to have a schematic/KiCAD files online anywhere? If not it's great to see that the idea is at least sound.

    Thanks

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. if my mother board 1 or 2 pin have damaged yet it will repair. 1 Dollar Hosting and thank ;you for these informative post.

      Delete
  3. This is incredible! We've been looking for something like this. We play a TON of Blades at our office, and have even built a scorekeeper app:

    http://blades-app.herokuapp.com/

    It relies on hand-fed data though, and doesn't have any of the more advanced stats direct data would provide.

    ReplyDelete
  4. Awesome! I've been wanting to do something like this for the last 6 months or so. I was borrowing an fpga from a friend, that I was going to program to emulate the memory chip, but this is so much easier. Any chance you'll open source the AVR code?

    ReplyDelete
  5. This is awesome. Exactly what I was looking to do -- grab values during runtime. I wanted to get them, then post to an online leaderboard.

    ReplyDelete
  6. The price of excellence is discipline; the cost of mediocrity is disappointment - William Arthur Ward

    Judi Casino
    Judi Casino Online
    Agen Casino
    Dragon Tiger
    Jadwal Bola

    ReplyDelete

  7. Ayo Bergabung Bersama kami di
    http://www.Pokersemi.com
    Proses Deposit / Withdraw Super Cepat Dan,
    Didukung Oleh Costumer Service Kami Yang Ramah.
    Kami Juga menyediakan berbagai macam game dalam 1 ID :
    - Poker
    - Capsa
    - Ceme
    - Q- Kick
    - Ceme Keliling Dan
    - Live Poker
    Banyak Bonus Dan Jackpot yang akan menanti anda
    kami Juga memberikan bonus Seperti
    - Bonus New member 10%
    - Bonus Turnover 0.5% Dan
    - Bonus Refferal 20%
    Tunggu apa lagi Gan.. !!
    Buruan Daftar diri anda di
    http://www.pokersemi.com/register.php
    Anda juga bisa Hubungi CS kami :
    - Skype : Pokersemi
    - Yahoo : Pokersemi
    - Twitter : Pokersemi
    - Facebook : Pokersemi

    Poker Terpercaya
    Agen Domino
    Agen Domino Terpercaya
    Judi Poker
    Judi Poker Online
    Poker99

    ReplyDelete
  8. Thanks for sharing your information, its great and i appreciated about it!
    Judi Bola Online

    ReplyDelete
  9. presentation of the article in this blog is very nice, I like it

    Nonton Film Online
    Bioskop Online
    Nonton Online
    Bioskop

    ReplyDelete
  10. Thank You Sir, Very Good and Helpful Articles .. Update continues and always success sir

    BandarQ
    Bandar QQ
    BandarQ Online
    Poker Online
    Domino QQ
    AduQ

    ReplyDelete
  11. Your article is very useful and has real knowledge. It’s very helpful information. I will be waiting for your Agen Bola Terpercaya

    ReplyDelete
  12. Artikelnya bagus ....kunjungi situs resmi kami juga ya http://jagobet.online/

    ReplyDelete
  13. Situs Judi Online Poker terpercaya we from the online gambling site poker reliably thank you for the information you provide

    ReplyDelete
  14. Nice writing , thankyou for sharing this article !

    agen sbobet

    ReplyDelete
  15. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  16. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  17. Online Betting Games Get special privileges.

    Royal1688 Online Gambling Games Gives you the pleasure of online gambling all day. Make Money Forward with joy to us. Join the fun. Of Online Gambling At Home All the routes of enjoyment are always good services all the way through the fun as you like. This is an online casino. It is a game that has been very popular. With the opportunity to progress to good service. The bets are over. For online entertainment The fun of online gambling every day, every time, the choice of fun to take to the best opportunity. Current Online Casino Site It is a game that meets the needs of many gamers. Make fun with people who are interested in online betting all day. Online games that give a good return. Get the most out of online gambling. Get the privilege to play casino games in the entertainment you want. Enjoy the full range of gambling options available today through the website Goldclub Slo

    ReplyDelete
  18. Famous Casino Club That makes ordinary people rich.

    Gclub Slot Is a g club website Casinos are another new opportunity to play very much for people who love and fall in love playing online casino games because of the fun and opportunities for players from all over the world. Online casino games can be played at the same time, because the current online casino games can play the game, which is not the only player who is a player. Thousands loves to play the lottery online is a risk I was able to play the lottery every online form on page G Club. Our casino.

    Nowadays, online casino games can also be played on mobile phones and on the computer, the fluidity is constantly being developed, making it even more exciting to play online casino games. Play more. Players can also play online games. You can join the fun and play online gambling games all day, all night and all the time as well.

    So if you are thinking about playing the online gambling games, do not forget to choose the service with our casino gambling club only. By playing online gambling games, you can make money by playing online casino games easily. When the player is thinking about the fun of playing online gambling games, do not forget to play online gambling games with the web Holiday Palace


    ReplyDelete
  19. yes..I like the basic concepts behind Second Life but it seems incredibly outdated and when I played it was intensely non-intuitive / user friendly to an extent that made EVE look like a game for toddlers. thanks from
    togelpelangi





    ReplyDelete
  20. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  21. Very nice and always successful.
    This is a very good article.
    I’m waiting for you the other article.
    Prediksi Togel

    ReplyDelete
  22. Very nice and always successful.
    This is a very good article.
    I’m waiting for you the other article.

    Tentang Dunia

    interesting articles and this is my first first reading a very interesting article thanks for this article that fits with the theme news.

    Prediksi Togel

    ReplyDelete

  23. Ayuk Buruan Daftar Diri Anda Di Armanitogel Dan Sekarang Sudah Ada Promo Bonus Deposit Di Armanitogel 10%, Tunggu Apalagi.
    Ayo Gabung Bersama kami Agen Togel Terpercaya

    Agen Togel Terpercaya
    Bandar Togel Online
    Daftar Togel
    Bandar Togel Terpercaya

    ReplyDelete
  24. Prediksi Togel Sydney Jumat 19 Januari 2018

    Prediksi Jitu Togel Sydney
    Ai : 2645
    Sydney Colok Bebas : 5
    Angka Top : 6 dan 4
    Racik dan racik : 2645 vs 7931
    Kepala : 2645
    Ekor : 7931
    Untuk Pola 2D : (2x, 6x, 4x, 5x)

    Prediksi Togel

    ReplyDelete
  25. Prediksi Togel Sydney Minggu 21 Januari 2018

    Prediksi Jitu Togel Sydney
    Ai : 6981
    Sydney Colok Bebas : 1
    Angka Top : 6 dan 8
    Racik dan racik : 6981 vs 2473
    Kepala : 6981
    Ekor : 2473
    Untuk Pola 2D : (6x, 9x, 8x, 1x)

    Prediksi Togel Sydney



    Prediksi Togel Singapura Minggu 21 Januari 2018

    Prediksi Jitu Togel Singapura
    Ai : 3967
    Singapura Colok Bebas : 6
    Angka Top : 7 dan 9
    Racik dan racik : 3967 vs 8241
    Kepala : 3967
    Ekor : 8241
    Untuk Pola 2D : (3x, 9x, 6x, 7x)

    Prediksi Togel Singapura


    Prediksi Togel Hongkong Minggu 21 Januari 2018

    Prediksi Jitu Togel Hongkong
    Ai : 9731
    Hongkong Colok Bebas : 1
    Angka Top : 9 dan 7
    Racik dan racik : 9731 vs 2584
    Kepala : 9731
    Ekor : 2584
    Untuk Pola 2D : (9x, 7x, 3x, 1x)

    Prediksi Togel Hongkong

    ReplyDelete
  26. Prediksi Togel Sydney Senin 22 Januari 2018

    Prediksi Jitu Togel Sydney
    Ai : 6549
    Sydney Colok Bebas : 4
    Angka Top : 6 dan 9
    Racik dan racik : 6549 vs 1327
    Kepala : 6549
    Ekor : 1327
    Untuk Pola 2D : (6x, 5x, 4x, 9x)

    Prediksi Togel Sydney


    Prediksi Togel Singapura Senin 22 Januari 2018

    Prediksi Jitu Togel Singapura
    Ai : 2376
    Singapura Colok Bebas : 2
    Angka Top : 6 dan 7
    Racik dan racik : 2376 vs 4521
    Kepala : 2376
    Ekor : 4521
    Untuk Pola 2D : (2x, 3x, 7x, 6x)

    Prediksi Togel Singapura


    Prediksi Togel Hongkong Senin 22 Januari 2018

    Prediksi Jitu Togel Hongkong
    Ai : 2397
    Hongkong Colok Bebas : 3
    Angka Top : 7 dan 9
    Racik dan racik : 2397 vs 1584
    Kepala : 2397
    Ekor : 1584
    Untuk Pola 2D : (2x, 3x, 9x, 7x)

    Prediksi Togel Hongkong

    ReplyDelete
  27. Prediksi Togel Sydney Selasa 23 Januari 2018

    Prediksi Jitu Togel Sydney
    Ai : 3128
    Sydney Colok Bebas : 2
    Angka Top : 3 dan 8
    Racik dan racik : 3128 vs 7549
    Kepala : 3128
    Ekor : 7549
    Untuk Pola 2D : (3x, 1x, 2x, 8x)

    Prediksi Togel


    Prediksi Togel Hongkong Selasa 23 Januari 2018

    Prediksi Jitu Togel Hongkong
    Ai : 5493
    Hongkong Colok Bebas : 4
    Angka Top : 5 dan 9
    Racik dan racik : 5493 vs 7218
    Kepala : 5493
    Ekor : 7218
    Untuk Pola 2D : (5x, 4x, 9x, 3x)

    Prediksi Togel

    ReplyDelete
  28. The articles you create are always interesting to watch and read is very useful. Always passion and success continues.
    Situs Togel Resmi
    daftar bandar togel resmi
    situs resmi 4d

    ReplyDelete
  29. It was really a great information thanks for sharing.
    Daftar BandarQ
    Domino99
    DominoQQ

    Thanks for sharing this great article
    BandarQ
    AduQ
    Daftar BandarQ

    ReplyDelete
  30. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  31. I hope your wesbite will always be the best and the more advanced. thank you....
    by : Agen Togel Online

    ReplyDelete
  32. very interesting content of this article give inspiration thankspoker online

    ReplyDelete
  33. anda cari bandar togel terbaik
    gabung saja di sini
    info lebih jelas silakan hubungi kami
    Telp : +85581569708
    BBM : D8E23B5C
    Line : togelpelangi
    Link:togel sgp

    ReplyDelete
  34. masih terus melekat di dunia masyarakat luas di tambah dengan marak munculnya berbagai situs-situs Judi Online terbaik dan terpercaya, sehingga buat kalian yang masih sering main judi entah main DominoQQ . http://88pokeronline.com/situs-bandarq-online-terpercaya/

    ReplyDelete
  35. situs Judi Online Terpercaya, mulai dari SItus Poker terpercaya hingga Situs judi bola dan sebagainya. Buat kalian yang masih belom tau apa sih Judi Online itu? http://dominoqq.casino/situs-poker-online/

    ReplyDelete
  36. Untuk para pemula yang ingin bermain Judi Online pun pada era millennium ini telah di mudah kan dengan berbagai sarana dan prasana yang di miliki sehingga untuk bermain pun akan menjadi lebih mudah. http://bandarq.casino/poker-online-android-indonesia/

    ReplyDelete
  37. Saat ini pun dengan ada nya smartphone yang canggih, ditambah aplikasi yang telah di sediakan oleh server judi online maka semakin memudahkan kita bermain judi online. http://masterdominoqq.biz

    ReplyDelete
  38. Selain Situs Poker Terpercaya, ada juga Bandarq dan juga Dominoqq, sehingga sebagai penjudi online tidak merasa bosan karena judi online pun juga memiliki pilihan untuk dimainkan ditambah bermain judi online bisa bermain bersama team sehingga tidak perlu lagi bermain sembunyi-sembunyi kembali. http://mdomino99.org/

    ReplyDelete
  39. mulai dari bonus cashback dan juga bonus referral . sehingga tidak sedikit orang yag tergiur untuk bermain judi online. http://ahliqq99.org

    ReplyDelete
  40. hacker memiliki kemampuan yang dapat di katakan diatas pemikiran manusia pada umumnya, mereka bisa membaca program hingga memmbuat ataupun meretas program atau sistem. http://asikqq88.biz/

    ReplyDelete
  41. Semakin berkembangnya jaman banyak yang dapat kita lihat kecurangan-kecurangan atau pun kelicikan yang di lakukan oleh para member-member judi online. http://pkvgames.co/poker-online-indonesia/

    ReplyDelete
  42. yang di katakan oleh operatornya, setelah di telusuri lagi ternyata id gua udah di hack dan di pindah kan chipnya hingga ga ada sisa dengan ip yang sangat jauh berbeda dari gua. http://judiqqonline.com/

    ReplyDelete
  43. karena kalian tidak tahu betapa kerasnya mencari uang untuk didepositkan. Dan untuk para member lain yang belom pernah kejadian seperti ini. http://ahliqq99.co/

    ReplyDelete
  44. agar tidak mudah diretas oleh para hacker-hacker, agar kedepannya lebih nyaman lagi saat kita ingin bermain supaya kita tetap setia pada situs Judi Online, semoga sedikit bermanfaat apa yang udah share lewat artikel ini, salam sukses. http://situsjudionlines.biz/

    ReplyDelete
  45. sudah dewasa pun tidak segan-segan mengeluarkan dana yang bisa di katakan tidak sedikit hanya untuk bermain di situs poker. http://judidomino99.com/

    ReplyDelete
  46. dengan tujuan, member dapat memilih dan bermain tidak hanya permainan poker saja, dan itu semua bertujuan untuk agen poker terpercaya itu sendiri mendapat member yang semakin banyak lagi, sehingga agen tersebut dapat berkembang lagi. http://asik4u.com/situs-poker-bandarq-terpercaya/

    ReplyDelete
  47. menjadi lebih mudah dengan berbagai kemudahan yang telah disediakan oleh para agen judi tersebut, mulai dari menyediakan aplikasi untuk bermain. http://dominoqqonlines.biz/

    ReplyDelete
  48. Agen Poker Terpercaya, seperti yang telah kita ketahui, merupakan agen sama halnya dengan agen usaha yang lain, agen poker terpercaya merupakan agen yang menawarkan situs atau permainan judi online. http://situs2bandarq.com/

    ReplyDelete
  49. mulai dari membuat iklan sampai promosi yang lain lagi yang ditawarkan, ditambah untuk saat ini agent poker terpercaya sudah mulai banyak dan malang melintang di Indonesia tanpa terjadi kendala apa pun. http://99situsjudionline.co/5-situs-agen-poker-domino-99-terpercaya/

    ReplyDelete
  50. Poker Online memang sudah dari dulu dapat dengan mudah kita cari dan kita mainkan secara online, ditambah saat ini semakin banyak situs judi online yang lain tidak hanya Poker Online. http://championqq.me/

    ReplyDelete
  51. degan begitu dapat kita ketahui bukan bahwa situs poker sudah semakin mendunia ditambah dengan situs-situs yang semakin banyak juga pastinya. http://asikqq99.co/

    ReplyDelete
  52. dan meningkatkan situs tersebut, selain membuat semakin populer, dapat juga membuat situs menjadi semakin di percaya. http://www.murahqq.net/

    ReplyDelete
  53. seumur hidup. Selain promo atau bonus kebanyakan situs judi pun memberikan pilihan jackpot yang beragam dengan persenan yang menarik. http://situsqq.co/

    ReplyDelete
  54. website atau situs poker juga memiliki proses ditambah mengajak orang bermain pada situs yang masih baru tidak lah mudah. Sehingga dapat terlihat jelas bahwa member lah yang paling diutamakan dalam situs judi online. http://maindomino99qq.co/

    ReplyDelete
  55. sebenernya tidak perlu terlalu dipusingkan untuk permainan judi seperti itu karena pada jaman sekarang ini sudah banyak bermunculan agen bandarq terpercaya. http://asikqq.online/

    ReplyDelete
  56. makanya kenapa di namakan bandarq, sedangkan dominoqq atau domino99, memang menggunakan kartu domino atau kartu gaplek juga. http://asik99.com/

    ReplyDelete
  57. setelah itu ada juga kartu Big atau bisa disebut murni besar dan Small yang bisa di sebut murni kecil, untuk kartu balak sendiri player harus mendapatkan kartu balak pada ke 4 kartu yang di bagikan. http://murah-qq.com/

    ReplyDelete
  58. anda mencari B.O terbaik dan terpecaya
    yuk gabung saja di togel pelangi
    info lebih jelas silakan hubungi kami
    Telp : +85581569708
    BBM : D8E23B5C
    Line : togelpelangi
    Link:bandar Togel online terpercaya di indonesia

    ReplyDelete
  59. We are in a continuous relationship with machines from the minute that we wake up till we go to bed every night. best oscilloscope

    ReplyDelete
  60. He was amazingly appreciative to me and all that I had done was acquaint him with one of my customers who purchased shipper loan constant leads from our organization. check cashing san diego

    ReplyDelete
  61. indotogel Adalah Bandar Togel Pasaran togel hongkong Terbaik
    GrupToto merupakan Bandar Togel Terpercaya yang menyediakan media judi togel terpopuler yang bisa diakses dengan menggunakan smartphone serta memberikan kenyamanan dan keamanan dalam bermain togel.
    Pasaran Togel | Togel hk | togel sgp | dan lain lain.
    Customer Service kami yang cantik siap membantu 24jam non stop apabila anda mengalami kendala dalam bermain. Selamat bermain Togel dan selamat bergabung, nikmati kepuasan bermain Togel bersama kami.

    ReplyDelete
  62. I would like to thnkx for the efforts you’ve put in writing this website…That was a useful post
    Bandar Ceme

    Dewa Poker

    ReplyDelete
  63. The TeamViewer is a product intended to enable your business to develop your organization and give you the best nature of client benefit and your organization. TeamViewer 3.2.14327 Crack is imperative to us in day by day life. Now and again we are at the workplace and need to interface with our home pc, TeamViewer keygen is furnishing us an opportunity to manage this matter of network. With the application, we have the alternative to spare our valuable time. For instance, on the off chance that we are in our working environment and some imperative document are on our home pc then what to do we are going home to duplicate the record or some authority send to home for the document. In both case are excessively tedious. Then again, in the event that we have utilized the TeamViewer Crack all work done inside a few ticks.
    TeamViewer key
    TeamViewer keygen
    TeamViewer license key
    TeamViewer serial key
    TeamViewer torrent

    ReplyDelete

  64. I cannot thank you enough for the post.Really looking forward to read more. Cool.ika-5 utos

    ReplyDelete
  65. But if you first have to know the brand and the model of your motherboard.You can do this by opening the computer case and watching for that.It is imprinted on the motherboard.The Guide: DDR3 VS DDR4 ram

    ReplyDelete
  66. Wonderful blog post.Really thanks! Cool.Really appreciate you sharing that post.Really getting excited about study more. Awesome.Im obliged for the article.Really many thanks! Great.

    poker online
    situs poker online
    poker online
    ceme online
    situs poker
    situs poker online resmi

    ReplyDelete
  67. janjiqq sangat teramat seru sekali. Bagaimanapun tambah tidak cukup terpukau walau sedang dibilang baru http://forum.pimc.edu.pk/member.php?action=profile&uid=4426

    ReplyDelete
  68. link alternatif duetqq main yg teliti sirkuit duit taruhan inilah yg bisa menghasilkan permainan bandar66 ini amat amat sangat seru sekali
    http://forum.pimc.edu.pk/member.php?action=profile&uid=4430

    ReplyDelete
  69. judi online terpercaya hasilnya dikenallah permainan capsa susun di daratan cina Lebih tepatnya tambah di negara hongkong maka permainan ini amat
    http://forum.pimc.edu.pk/member.php?action=profile&uid=4433

    ReplyDelete
  70. http://rphqq.asia/
    http://ratulotto.asia/

    ReplyDelete
  71. I have been casting spells for many years and I have helped many people, I might be able to help you too. I am honest, and I genuinely care for all the clients who choose me to cast a spell for them.
    If you have any questions about Love, Money, curse, protection, bad luck, divorce, court cases, or about me please call or email me. I really want you to feel comfortable before moving forward with any spells, or other services. I will take the time to explain things to you and provide you with honest advice, to what is best for your situation. I will not pressure you into having a spell cast, I will leave that decision up to you, and when or if you decide to move forward, I might be able to help you.
    I will respect your Privacy. I will not seek to obtain any of your personal information beyond what you might voluntarily offer and all information you might give me including emails, phone numbers and photos will remain private and confidential.
    I perform my Rituals only at night between the hours of 0.00 - 0.59 (South African time) lasting 1 hour but of course, this depends on the nature of the ritual, some rituals might take hours and can also become necessary to be performed at specials places like; flowing streams, cemeteries and other places dictated by the gods.
    I do not want anyone to be under any illusions about my spells and its numerous rituals. Real and effective Voodoo is no child's play, it is expensive because, after the rituals, I will have to destroy all the materials involved by fire and the ashes scattered over a flowing stream or river.
    You will get what you seek.But please understand this might take a lot of time and that individual results may vary. contact +27663492930, greatogudugu@gmail.com

    Herbal cure for Following DISEASES,this is not scam is 100% Real.

    -HPV
    -DIABETES
    -PENIS ENLARGEMENT AND WEAK ERECTION
    -VIRGINA PROBLEM
    -WHOOPING COUGH
    - HEPATITIS B
    -FORDYCE SPOT
    -COLD SORE
    -ALS
    -LOWER RESPIRATORY INFECTION
    -LOW SPERM COUNT
    -MRSA(METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
    -ZIKA VIRUS
    -HIV
    -STROKE
    -IMPOTENCE
    -PILE
    -HYPERTENSION
    -LOW SPERM COUNT
    -MENOPAUSE DISEASE
    -ASTHMA
    -CANCER
    -BARENESS/INFERTILITY
    -PCOS
    -SHINGLES
    -VIRAL HEPATITIS/HEPATITIS B
    -FIBROID
    -ASTHMA
    -SICKLE CELL
    -TINNITUS
    -BARENESS/INFERTILITY
    -DIARRHEA and so on...WhatsApp: +27663492930

    ReplyDelete
  72. Do not go where the path may lead, go instead where there is no path and leave a trail.
    interqq
    sumoqq

    ReplyDelete
  73. I can see that you are an expert at your field! I am launching a website soon, and your information will be very useful for me.. Thanks for all your help and wishing you all the success in your business. OMC repair parts

    ReplyDelete
  74. Pada tahun 2000 sebuah situs taruhan baru menawarkan fitur baru dimana pemain bisa menempatkan taruhan mereka sendiri. Betfair adalah perusahaan baru tersebut yang mengenal sistem Peer to Peer dimana pemain bisa menempatkan beberapa fitur seperti voer, leg, under atau over dan lain sebagainya
    asikqq
    dewaqq
    sumoqq
    interqq
    pionpoker
    bandar ceme
    betgratis
    paito warna
    prediksi hk

    ReplyDelete
  75. Menjadi tantangan sendiri dimana pemain bisa membuat banyak taruhan dalam satu pertandingan, dan sistem ini masih digunakan sampai sekarang dengan perkembangan yang beragam dari situs judi olahraga. Mendominasi pasaran tidak membuat Betfair berhenti untuk mengembangkan inovasi, merangkul olahraga balapan menjadikan dunia perjudian olahraga lebih luas lagi
    asikqq
    dewaqq
    sumoqq
    interqq
    pionpoker
    bandar ceme
    betgratis
    paito warna
    prediksi hk

    ReplyDelete


  76. افضل شركة تنظيف مجالس بالدمام افضل شركة تنظيف مجالس بالدمام
    شركة تنظيف سجاد بالدمام شركة تنظيف سجاد بالدمام

    ReplyDelete
  77. Agen Bandar Ceme Online - Permainan Ceme online adalah permainan yang menggunakan kartu domino.Bandar Ceme Online

    ReplyDelete
  78. Roupas no atacado para revender direto da fabrica com melhor preco do Brasil, fabricamos roupas em atacado com melhor preco do mercado, se voce quer compras em atacado de roupas voce está no lugar certo. atacadao da roupa

    ReplyDelete
  79. a very best bandar ceme online bandar ceme

    poker online

    ReplyDelete
  80. Tvsports adalah Agen / Website Judi yang aman dan terpecaya

    Bagi para pecinta judi online pastinya sudah tidak asing dengan yang namanya Baccarat, Dragon Tiger, Roullete, SicBo dan masih banyak lainnya
    Sportbooks dan Togel juga sudah mendunia seperti AFB, M8, dan UnitedGaming sportbooks yang sudah mendunia
    TogelSGP, TogelSydney, TogelHongkong ketiga Togel yang mendunia.

    Kami juga menawarkan banyak promo promo menarik untuk member setia kami
    dan pastinya kami melayani 24jam nonstop. Pelayanan yang cepat dan dengan CS yang sopan dan berpengalaman.

    ReplyDelete
  81. แนะนำ ibcbet เว็บพนันบอลออนไลน์ น้ำดี อัตราจ่ายสูง มีคู่บอลให้เลือกเล่นมากมายหลายราคา จะเลือก แทงบอลเดี่ยว บอลชุด คาสิโน แทงหวย บริการครบจบในที่เดียว

    ReplyDelete
  82. setiap member yang bermain poker online dipastikan mereka akan mencoba bermain dalam bandarq online dikarenakan dalam permainan ini anda bisa mendapatkan kesempatan menjadi bandar dan mendapatkan kemenangan ketika bermain.

    ReplyDelete
  83. ยูฟ่าเบท เว็บพนันออนไลน์ ยูฟ่าเบท สมัครฟรี 2500 | UFA เดิมพันขั้นต่ำ 10 บาท ใช้ระบบ ฝาก-ถอน 30 เท่านั้น สมัครวันนี้รับโปรโมชั่น 100% สนใจ @ufa700

    ReplyDelete
  84. Indipoker ialah agen ceme online dan agen poker idn yang menyediakan game yang seru untuk membernya

    Judi Ceme Online
    Agen Ceme Online
    IDN Poker Online

    ReplyDelete
  85. setiap member yang bermain dalam permainan domino99 dipastikan anda harus bermain dalam permainan judi online ini dimana anda bisa mendapatkan kemenangan dengan muda ketika bermain.

    ReplyDelete
  86. Welcome to Pick The Tees, the place to purchase Pick The Tees gear. See our cycling-t-shirts selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our clothing shops.

    ReplyDelete
  87. Welcome to Pick The Tees, the place to purchase Pick The Tees gear. See our cycling-t-shirts selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our clothing shops.

    ReplyDelete
  88. 먹튀검증대! 여러 토토사이트 를 분석 후 문제점 개선, 안전한 베팅환경에 최선을 다하고 있습니다. 또한 구글 상위노출을 통해, 많은 베터님들께 좋은 정보를 공유하며 먹튀보증업체를 100% 확실하게 추천해드립니다.

    ReplyDelete
  89. ketika anda bermain dalam permainan pokerqq dipastikan anda harus mencoba bermain dalam bandarqq dimana anda bisa mendapatkan kemenangan dengan muda ketika bermain.

    ReplyDelete
  90. Top 10 best trimmer for men in india. Most men would concur with me that facial hair trimmers are similarly as essential for their endurance as nourishment. Similarly as cosmetics is for a lady, these trimmers are for men. Whiskers trimmers assume a significant job in characterizing the presence of a man.

    ReplyDelete
  91. AGEN POKER ACE 88 | SITUS JUDI ONLINE POKERCLUB88 TERPERCAYA NAGA POKER
    IDN Sudah melayani Ribuan Member, Dengan Bonus Deposit New Member 20% Dan Bonus Harian 10% Akan Memberikan Pelayanan Yang Terbaik Buruan Gabung Di Website Kami Bosku, Cs Yang Selalu Sedia Untuk Melayani Bosku Selama 24 jam Selama Seminggu
    PROMO-PROMO BONUS YANG DIBERIKAN DI LANGITPOKER
    *BONUS NEW MEMBER 20%
    *BONUS HARIAN 10%
    *BONUS REFERAL 10%
    *BONUS T,O MINGGUAN 0,5%

    MINIMAL DEPO&WITHDRAW HANYA 10RB - 25RB
    TINGKAT RATE KEMENANGAN 98%
    MURNI PLAYER VS PLAYER ( 100% TIDAK ADA ROBOT )

    BUKTIKAN SEKARANG JUGA DI LANGITPOKER
    INFO LEBIH LANJUT BISA MENGHUBUNGI :
    FB : https://www.facebook.com/groups/651325812026352/
    WA :+62 878-5333-5111
    SUPORT SEMUA BANK LOCAL BCA BNI MANDIRI BRI CIMB PERMATA DSB MELAYANI DEPOSIT VIA PULSA TELKOMSEL DAN XL TANPA POTONGAN RATE PULSA 100%
    BURUAN DAFTAR KAN DIRI ANDA DAN RAIH KEMENANGANNYA SEKARANG JUGA!!

    AGEN POKER ACE 88
    POKERCLUB88
    Ceritasex

    ReplyDelete
  92. Meraih kemenangan hingga puluhan dan ratusan juta rupiah??
    Tentu bisa, Berikut Bandar Judi terpercaya dan aman untuk di mainkan...
    Situs Poker Online
    Banyak agen judi online disana yang terpercaya, bettors hanya perlu memilih salah satunya yang dirasa merupakan cocok untuk bettors jadikan tempat bermain...
    https://classifiedscachevalley.com/author/bandarqpokeronline/
    http://www.supportduweb.com/profile-75862.html

    ReplyDelete
  93. If your personal injury solicitor is able to win the case for you, only then will you pay him. Here, you can consider no win no fee solicitors dublin for the best deal.

    ReplyDelete
  94. DewiQQ ialah Situs BandarQ Online, Capsa Susun, Bandar DominoQQ, Domino99 Online serta adalah Agen Poker Online Indonesia terlengkap dan terpercaya paling aman di Indonesia.
    https://dewiqq.link/

    ReplyDelete
  95. Good day webmaster, commenters and everybody else !!! The site was absolutely awesome! Lots of great info and inspiration, both of which we all need!b Keep ‘em coming… all of you can like a great job with such Concepts… can’t tell you just how much I, for just one appreciate all you decide to do. bandar ceme

    ReplyDelete
  96. ติดต่อ W88 เว็บที่ใช้งานได้ง่ายดาย ไม่ว่าอยู่ที่ไหน คุณก็เล่น บาคาร่า หรือ แทงบอล จะเป็น บอลเดี่ยว บอลเสต็ป ก็ได้ตลอดเวลา ตามที่คุณนั้นต้องการ.

    ReplyDelete
  97. rb88 เข้ามาใช้งาน ในเว็บไซต์ ที่ดีที่สุดในประเทศไทยแล้วตอนนี้ สำหรับการ เดิมพัน แทงบอลออนไลน์ หวยออนไลน์ สล็อต บาคาร่าออนไลน์

    ReplyDelete
  98. letou มาใช้งาน กับเว็บของเรา letoucashหลายคนแล้ว ที่รวยขึ้นมา จากเว็บของเรา เพราะเว็บของเรา ซื่อตรง ไม่มีคตโกง แทงบอลออนไลน์ บาคาร่า

    ReplyDelete
  99. betway สมัครBETWAY168s แทงบอลออนไลน์ ราคาบอลดีที่สุด บาคาร่าออนไลน์ ขั้นต่ำ 10 บาท แทงบอลสเต็ป เริ่มต้น 2 คู่ คาสิโนออนไลน์ เกมส์อีพเดทใหม่สนุก ได้เงิน

    ReplyDelete
  100. alpha88 แทงบอลสเต็ป โอกาส ที่จะได้เงินกำไร ในการเข้าใช้บริการ การแทงบอลออนไลน์ หรือ การเล่นบาคาร่าออนไลน์ ช่องทาง เข้าใช้บริการ ผ่านทางระบบออนไลน์

    ReplyDelete
  101. 188BET สมัครวันนี้รับโบนัสสูงสุด กิจกรรมแจกเครดิตฟรีทุกวัน แทงบอลออนไลน์ บาคาร่าออนไลน์ คาสิโนออนไลน์ การเงินมั่นคง ฝากถอนภายใน 10 วินาที

    ReplyDelete
  102. idm crack,idm cracked,idm 6.36 build 1 crack,idm 6.36 patch,idm 6.36 serial key,idm crack download,idm latest version crack, idm crack 2020,idm full

    ReplyDelete
  103. This one is good. Keep up the good work I also visit here: and I get lot of information. atvs blade

    ReplyDelete
  104. Our white label social media marketing services basically utilise various social media networks to market your clients' businesses. You can easily resell our services at a 100% profit.We have a separate pricing for resellers which makes it even easier for you to start reselling. Just sit back and let us handle your clients for you!

    ReplyDelete
  105. Get discounts on Souq Shopping! Use the available coupon codes and sale. Super Saving at Souq on Mobiles, Electronics, Perfumes, Watches & More! Free Shipping. Verified Offer. كوبون خصم

    ReplyDelete
  106. while trying to reach the .แจกเครดิตฟรี civil rights leader on Robben Island. The town of Soweto is more than 760 miles (1,223km) from Robben Island
    At a black history awards brunch in Las Vegas last week, he also said Mandela had thanked him for his efforts
    He threw his arms around me and said, 'I want to say thank you,'" Mr Biden told onlookers. "I said, 'What are you thanking me for, Mr President?' He said
    You tried to see me. You got arrested trying to see me Mr Biden's account of what happened has been rebuffed by Andrew Young, the US ambassador
    to the UN at the time, who says he .แจกเครดิตฟรี travelled with Mr Biden to South Africa Local media have also failed to find any evidence of an arrest being made

    ReplyDelete
  107. Our mission at eShop420 is to provide customers with the best quality locally-sourced cannabis from craft cannabis connaisseurs with the highest degree of customer service. eShop420 is your No.1 online dispensary in California. Our website allows you to easily order and we offer the fastest delivery and some of the best quality of both medical and recreational marijuana in USA. We love cannabis for its wonderful properties, which is exactly why we offer the services that we do. As a mail-order cannabis service we strive to provide high-quality cannabis for customers when they need it. As the years pass on, we can appreciate the miracle effects of cannabis which is great for people who suffer from a variety of different diseases, disorders, and conditions, and we strive to provide accessibility for those in need be it for medication or pleasure smokers.

    medical marijuana for sale

    ReplyDelete